Crane wheel forgings are objects in which metal is pressurized to shape a desired shape or suitable compression force through plastic deformation. This force is typically achieved by using a hammer or pressure. The crane wheel forging process creates a delicate grain structure and improves the physical properties of the metal. In the actual use of parts, a correct design can make the particle flow in the direction of the main pressure.
The residual stress on the surface layer of the crane wheel forging refers to the mechanical deformation of the metal on the surface layer of the crane wheel forging due to the cutting force and heat of the CNC lathe during the machining of the crane wheel forging in the crane wheel forging factory. This results in mutually balanced stresses at the interface between the surface layer and the substrate.
The crane wheel forging factory generally cuts and processes the crane wheel forging, the cutting temperature is not high, the surface layer metal is mainly cold plastic deformation, and the surface layer generates residual compressive stress. For grinding and high-speed machining, the temperature in the cutting zone is high, the surface layer metal is mainly plastically deformed in the hot state, and the surface layer generates residual tensile stress.
In summary, there are three reasons for the residual stress on the surface of crane wheel forgings: First, the residual stress caused by cold plastic deformation; second, the residual stress caused by hot plastic deformation; and third, the residual stress caused by the change of metallographic structure. The factors affecting the residual stress and grinding cracks on the surface layer of crane wheel forgings are that the amount of grinding is the primary factor that affects the grinding cracks. Secondly, the generation of grinding cracks has a lot to do with the materials and heat treatment specifications of crane wheel forgings.